Intervention in Grao-Para (1897-8)
-Portugal is harvesting rubber in region, brutal stuff
-including Richmondite exiles running slave plantations, revealed by enterprising reporters
-international condemnation results in organization within International Forum
-joint British-American-French-Dutch fleet to occupy Grao-Para, stop this
-subsequent battles rather minor, largest being Battle of New Richmond, "the last battle of the Liberty and Union War"
-Grao-Para made intl territory under International Forum, run by commission of natl appointees
-Richmondite government collapses, Portuguese in Pernambuco refuse to let Richmondites there form any sort of successor govt
First Intervention in Zanzibar (1904)
-slave trade in Zanzibar is internationally infamous
-all treaties to stop it come to naught
-results in organization of International Navy to stop it
-after crushing its fleet and firing warning shots on Zanzibar City itself, Zanzibar accedes
-abolition of slave trade fully enforced by International Forum
Second Intervention in Zanzibar (1927)
-interference against anti-slave trade actions and continued proslavery actions result in new coalition assembled against Zanzibar
-International Tribunal issues arrest warrants against Heads of Zanzibar > 1923-1927 Bargash bin Majid for slavery and other acts
-International Navy storms the palace and arrests Barghash, sends him to London for trial
-in return for allowing new government to form, Zanzibar forced to sign manumission law
Intervention in Jaffna (1942-3)
-organized by Heads of the Cape > 1946-1948 Hendrik de Booij (Radical-Liberal)
-intervenes to stop Tamil Nadu from invading all of Ceylon
-International troops stop them from invading the whole of the island
-restrict them to the northern part